OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM YELLOW OLEANDER AND CASTOR OILS AND STUDIES OF THEIR FUEL PROPERTIES
- Project Research
- 1-5 Chapters
- Abstract : Available
- Table of Content: Available
- Reference Style: APA
- Recommended for : Student Researchers
- NGN 3000
Abstract
The optimization of biodiesel production from two non-edible oils and studies of their fuel and biodegradability properties was carried out. The two oil feedstocks (Yellow oleander and Castor oils) were extracted from their seeds using an oil expeller and their physicochemical properties such as iodine value, moisture content, saponification value, acid value, viscosity, specific gravity and refractive index were determined. Most of these properties were within the acceptable limit of American Standard Testing Method (ASTM). The methyl esters were optimized using methanol as solvent and by varying conditions like reaction temperature, reaction time, type and concentration of catalyst, molar ratio of methanol and oil. For maximum bio diesel production, the transesterification reaction showed that the concentration of alkali catalyst was 0.8 % sodium hydroxide, 0.33 %v/v alcohol/oil ratio, 1 hr reaction time, 60 0C temperature and excess alcohol 150 %v/v. Optimized parameters for production of biodiesel through base catalyzed transesterification gave maximum yield of 96 % and 98 % for yellow oleander and castor oil respectively. The Yellow Oleander Methyl Ester (YOME) and Castor Oil Methyl Ester (COME) and their diesel blends were comparatively analysed for fuel properties such as flash point, relative density, kinematic viscosity, calorific value, distillation, sulphur, phosphorous, water content, cetane number and acid number . The methyl ester of yellow oleander was found to have properties closer to ASTM D 6751 fuel specifications than that of castor oil. It is further observed from the results that the biodiesel from yellow oleander and castor oil are environmentally friendly, such that after spillage, it will take about 28 days for them to have biodegradability of 82.4 and 87.3 for YOME and COME respectively. This is an advantage over petro-diesel which was found to have biodegradability of 25.29 in 28 days.
Related Project Materials
THE THREATS TO SUSTAINABLE PEACE IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF THE CHURCH
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The political uncertainty, conflicts and turbulence in Nigeria poses serious concerns for the c...
ASSESSMENT OF STRATEGIES FOR PROMOTING INDUSTRY-RELEVANT CERTIFICATIONS IN VOCATIONAL PROGRAMS
ABSTRACT: This study investigates strategies for promoting industry-relevant certifications in vocational programs to enhance employability an...
PRODUCTION OF BLACK AND BROWN POLISH BROWN POLISH
ABSTRACT
This project is aimed at producing black and brown polish of good quality. For clearity, pol...
THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE INVESTING IN MODERN PORTFOLIOS
ABSTRACT
THE ROLE OF SUSTAINABLE INVESTING IN MODERN PORTFOLIOS
This study investigates the role of sustainable investing in mo...
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF PRESIDENTIAL POWERS UNDER THE 1999 NIGERIAN CONSTITUTION
ABSTRACT
Constitutional power, being the power fashioned out through the sovereign free will of the people, is basically meant to regulat...
PUBLIC RELATIONS: AS A TOOL OF INDUSTRIAL HARMONY (A STUDY OF NIGERIA POLICE HEADQUARTERS ENUGU)
Abstract The objective of this study on “Public Relations: As A tool of Industrial Harmony. A study of Nigeria Police Headquarters Enugu&rdqu...
THE EFFECT OF SCHOOL CLIMATE AND TEACHER PRODUCTIVITY ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out on the effect of school climate and teacher productivity on students academic perfor...
SERVANT LEADERSHIP IN 1TIMOTHY 3 1-13- THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE CHURCH OF NIGERIA (ANGLICAN COMMUNION)
Background to the Study
When one take the pulse on leadership and happenings in the church and society today, the need f...
INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL ATTITUDE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF UPPER BASIC STUDENTS IN MAKURDI LOCAL GOVT AREA
Background of t
ABSTRACT This research evaluated the staff quarters of the Federal Polytechnic Bida, using PostOccupancy Evaluation (POE) as a tool. The...
POST-OCCUPANCY EVALUATION OF THE STAFF QUARTERS OF FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC BIDA, NIGER STATE
